A Linked List is a linear data structure that consists of two parts: one is the data part and the other is the address part. In this article, all the common operations of a singly linked list are discussed in one menu-driven program.
Operations to be performed:
- createList(): To create the list with the ‘n’ number of nodes initially as defined by the user.
- traverse(): To see the contents of the linked list, it is necessary to traverse the given linked list. The given traverse() function traverses and prints the content of the linked list.
- insertAtFront(): This function simply inserts an element at the front/beginning of the linked list.
- insertAtEnd(): This function inserts an element at the end of the linked list.
- insertAtPosition(): This function inserts an element at a specified position in the linked list.
- deleteFirst(): This function simply deletes an element from the front/beginning of the linked list.
- deleteEnd(): This function simply deletes an element from the end of the linked list.
- deletePosition(): This function deletes an element from a specified position in the linked list.
- maximum(): This function finds the maximum element in a linked list.
- mean(): This function finds the mean of the elements in a linked list.
- sort(): This function sorts the given linked list in ascending order.
- reverseLL(): This function reverses the given linked list.
- display(): This function displays the linked list.
- search(): This function searches for an element user wants to search.
Below is the implementation of the above operations:
C
// C program for the all operations in// the Singly Linked List#include <stdio.h>#include <stdlib.h>// Linked List Nodestruct node { int info; struct node* link;};struct node* start = NULL;// Function to create list with n nodes initiallyvoid createList(){ if (start == NULL) { int n; printf("\nEnter the number of nodes: "); scanf("%d", &n); if (n != 0) { int data; struct node* newnode; struct node* temp; newnode = malloc(sizeof(struct node)); start = newnode; temp = start; printf("\nEnter number to" " be inserted : "); scanf("%d", &data); start->info = data; for (int i = 2; i <= n; i++) { newnode = malloc(sizeof(struct node)); temp->link = newnode; printf("\nEnter number to" " be inserted : "); scanf("%d", &data); newnode->info = data; temp = temp->link; } } printf("\nThe list is created\n"); } else printf("\nThe list is already created\n");}// Function to traverse the linked listvoid traverse(){ struct node* temp; // List is empty if (start == NULL) printf("\nList is empty\n"); // Else print the LL else { temp = start; while (temp != NULL) { printf("Data = %d\n", temp->info); temp = temp->link; } }}// Function to insert at the front// of the linked listvoid insertAtFront(){ int data; struct node* temp; temp = malloc(sizeof(struct node)); printf("\nEnter number to" " be inserted : "); scanf("%d", &data); temp->info = data; // Pointer of temp will be // assigned to start temp->link = start; start = temp;}// Function to insert at the end of// the linked listvoid insertAtEnd(){ int data; struct node *temp, *head; temp = malloc(sizeof(struct node)); // Enter the number printf("\nEnter number to" " be inserted : "); scanf("%d", &data); // Changes links temp->link = 0; temp->info = data; head = start; while (head->link != NULL) { head = head->link; } head->link = temp;}// Function to insert at any specified// position in the linked listvoid insertAtPosition(){ struct node *temp, *newnode; int pos, data, i = 1; newnode = malloc(sizeof(struct node)); // Enter the position and data printf("\nEnter position and data :"); scanf("%d %d", &pos, &data); // Change Links temp = start; newnode->info = data; newnode->link = 0; while (i < pos - 1) { temp = temp->link; i++; } newnode->link = temp->link; temp->link = newnode;}// Function to delete from the front// of the linked listvoid deleteFirst(){ struct node* temp; if (start == NULL) printf("\nList is empty\n"); else { temp = start; start = start->link; free(temp); }}// Function to delete from the end// of the linked listvoid deleteEnd(){ struct node *temp, *prevnode; if (start == NULL) printf("\nList is Empty\n"); else { temp = start; while (temp->link != 0) { prevnode = temp; temp = temp->link; } free(temp); prevnode->link = 0; }}// Function to delete from any specified// position from the linked listvoid deletePosition(){ struct node *temp, *position; int i = 1, pos; // If LL is empty if (start == NULL) printf("\nList is empty\n"); // Otherwise else { printf("\nEnter index : "); // Position to be deleted scanf("%d", &pos); position = malloc(sizeof(struct node)); temp = start; // Traverse till position while (i < pos - 1) { temp = temp->link; i++; } // Change Links position = temp->link; temp->link = position->link; // Free memory free(position); }}// Function to find the maximum element// in the linked listvoid maximum(){ int a[10]; int i; struct node* temp; // If LL is empty if (start == NULL) printf("\nList is empty\n"); // Otherwise else { temp = start; int max = temp->info; // Traverse LL and update the // maximum element while (temp != NULL) { // Update the maximum // element if (max < temp->info) max = temp->info; temp = temp->link; } printf("\nMaximum number " "is : %d ", max); }}// Function to find the mean of the// elements in the linked listvoid mean(){ int a[10]; int i; struct node* temp; // If LL is empty if (start == NULL) printf("\nList is empty\n"); // Otherwise else { temp = start; // Stores the sum and count of // element in the LL int sum = 0, count = 0; float m; // Traverse the LL while (temp != NULL) { // Update the sum sum = sum + temp->info; temp = temp->link; count++; } // Find the mean m = sum / count; // Print the mean value printf("\nMean is %f ", m); }}// Function to sort the linked list// in ascending ordervoid sort(){ struct node* current = start; struct node* index = NULL; int temp; // If LL is empty if (start == NULL) { return; } // Else else { // Traverse the LL while (current != NULL) { index = current->link; // Traverse the LL nestedly // and find the minimum // element while (index != NULL) { // Swap with it the value // at current if (current->info > index->info) { temp = current->info; current->info = index->info; index->info = temp; } index = index->link; } // Update the current current = current->link; } }}// Function to reverse the linked listvoid reverseLL(){ struct node *t1, *t2, *temp; t1 = t2 = NULL; // If LL is empty if (start == NULL) printf("List is empty\n"); // Else else { // Traverse the LL while (start != NULL) { // reversing of points t2 = start->link; start->link = t1; t1 = start; start = t2; } start = t1; // New head Node temp = start; printf("Reversed linked " "list is : "); // Print the LL while (temp != NULL) { printf("%d ", temp->info); temp = temp->link; } }}// Function to search an element in linked listvoid search(){ int found = -1; // creating node to traverse struct node* tr = start; // first checking if the list is empty or not if (start == NULL) { printf("Linked list is empty\n"); } else { printf("\nEnter the element you want to search: "); int key; scanf("%d", &key); // checking by traversing while (tr != NULL) { // checking for key if (tr->info == key) { found = 1; break; } // moving forward if not at this position else { tr = tr->link; } } // printing found or not if (found == 1) { printf( "Yes, %d is present in the linked list.\n", key); } else { printf("No, %d is not present in the linked " "list.\n", key); } }}// Driver Codeint main(){ createList(); int choice; while (1) { printf("\n\t1 To see list\n"); printf("\t2 For insertion at" " starting\n"); printf("\t3 For insertion at" " end\n"); printf("\t4 For insertion at " "any position\n"); printf("\t5 For deletion of " "first element\n"); printf("\t6 For deletion of " "last element\n"); printf("\t7 For deletion of " "element at any position\n"); printf("\t8 To find maximum among" " the elements\n"); printf("\t9 To find mean of " "the elements\n"); printf("\t10 To sort element\n"); printf("\t11 To reverse the " "linked list\n"); printf("\t12 Search an element in linked list\n"); printf("\t13 To exit\n"); printf("\nEnter Choice :\n"); scanf("%d", &choice); switch (choice) { case 1: traverse(); break; case 2: insertAtFront(); break; case 3: insertAtEnd(); break; case 4: insertAtPosition(); break; case 5: deleteFirst(); break; case 6: deleteEnd(); break; case 7: deletePosition(); break; case 8: maximum(); break; case 9: mean(); break; case 10: sort(); break; case 11: reverseLL(); break; case 12: search(); break; case 13: exit(1); break; default: printf("Incorrect Choice\n"); } } return 0;} |
Output:
Menu:
Insertion at the starting:
Insertion at the end:
Insertion at specific position:
Print the Linked List:
Maximum among Linked List:
Sorting the Linked List:
Reverse the Linked List:
Delete the first and last element with choice 5 and 6:
Searching the element with choice 12:
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