Delete all the nodes from a doubly linked list that are smaller than a given value

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Given a doubly linked list containing N nodes and a number K, the task is to delete all the nodes from the list that are smaller than the given value K.

Examples:

Input: 15 <=> 16 <=> 10 <=> 9 <=> 6 <=> 7 <=> 17
       K = 10
Output: 15 <=> 16 <=> 10 <=> 17

Input: 5 <=> 3 <=> 6 <=> 8 <=> 4 <=> 1 <=> 2 <=> 9
       K = 4 
Output: 5 <=> 6 <=> 8 <=> 4 <=> 9

Approach: Traverse the nodes of the doubly linked list one by one and get the pointer of the nodes having data value smaller than K. Refer to the article on Deleting a node from Doubly Linked List to delete a node.

Algorithm:

Create a function named “push” which takes one Node value and one integer value as input with the node return type.
“push” will add a new node in the front of the linked list.
Create a function named “deleteNode” which take two Node value as input parameters with the Node return type.
“deleteNode” will delete the given node.
Create a function “deletesmallerNodes” which takes one node value and one integer value as input parameter with node return type.
Initialize two Node pointers – ptr and next, both pointing to the head node of the Doubly Linked List.
Start a while loop till ptr is not equal to null.
- If the current node’s data (ptr) is smaller than the specified value K, call the deleteNode function to delete the current node from the Doubly Linked List.
- Move the ptr to the next node in the Doubly Linked List.
Return the head_ref pointer after all the nodes smaller than K are deleted.

Below is the implementation of the above approach:

C++

// C++ implementation to delete all
// the nodes from the doubly
// linked list that are smaller than
// the specified value K
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
 
using namespace std;
 
// Node of the doubly linked list
struct Node {
    int data;
    Node *prev, *next;
};
 
// function to insert a node at the beginning
// of the Doubly Linked List
void push(Node** head_ref, int new_data)
{
    // allocate node
    Node* new_node = (Node*)malloc(sizeof(struct Node));
 
    // put in the data
    new_node->data = new_data;
 
    // since we are adding at the beginning,
    // prev is always NULL
    new_node->prev = NULL;
 
    // link the old list of the new node
    new_node->next = (*head_ref);
 
    // change prev of head node to new node
    if ((*head_ref) != NULL)
        (*head_ref)->prev = new_node;
 
    // move the head to point to the new node
    (*head_ref) = new_node;
}
 
// function to delete a node in a Doubly Linked List.
// head_ref --> pointer to head node pointer.
// del  -->  pointer to node to be deleted
void deleteNode(Node** head_ref, Node* del)
{
    // base case
    if (*head_ref == NULL || del == NULL)
        return;
 
    // If node to be deleted is head node
    if (*head_ref == del)
        *head_ref = del->next;
 
    // Change next only if node to be
    // deleted is NOT the last node
    if (del->next != NULL)
        del->next->prev = del->prev;
 
    // Change prev only if node to be
    // deleted is NOT the first node
    if (del->prev != NULL)
        del->prev->next = del->next;
 
    // Finally, free the memory occupied by del
    free(del);
 
    return;
}
 
// function to delete all the nodes
// from the doubly linked
// list that are smaller than the
// specified value K
void deletesmallerNodes(Node** head_ref, int K)
{
    Node* ptr = *head_ref;
    Node* next;
 
    while (ptr != NULL) {
        next = ptr->next;
        // if true, delete node 'ptr'
        if (ptr->data < K)
            deleteNode(head_ref, ptr);
        ptr = next;
    }
}
 
// function to print nodes in a
// given doubly linked list
void printList(Node* head)
{
    while (head != NULL) {
        cout << head->data << " ";
        head = head->next;
    }
}
 
// Driver program to test above
int main()
{
    // start with the empty list
    Node* head = NULL;
 
    // create the doubly linked list
    // 15 <-> 16 <-> 10 <-> 9 <-> 6 <-> 7 <-> 17
    push(&head, 17);
    push(&head, 7);
    push(&head, 6);
    push(&head, 9);
    push(&head, 10);
    push(&head, 16);
    push(&head, 15);
 
    int K = 10;
 
    cout << "Original List: ";
    printList(head);
 
    deletesmallerNodes(&head, K);
 
    cout << "\nModified List: ";
    printList(head);
}

Java

// Java implementation to delete all 
// the nodes from the doubly 
// linked list that are smaller than 
// the specified value K 
class GFG
{
     
// Node of the doubly linked list 
static class Node 
{ 
    int data; 
    Node prev, next; 
}; 
 
// function to insert a node at the beginning 
// of the Doubly Linked List 
static Node push(Node head_ref, int new_data) 
{ 
    // allocate node 
    Node new_node =new Node(); 
 
    // put in the data 
    new_node.data = new_data; 
 
    // since we are adding at the beginning, 
    // prev is always null 
    new_node.prev = null; 
 
    // link the old list of the new node 
    new_node.next = (head_ref); 
 
    // change prev of head node to new node 
    if ((head_ref) != null) 
        (head_ref).prev = new_node; 
 
    // move the head to point to the new node 
    (head_ref) = new_node;
     
    return head_ref;
} 
 
// function to delete a node in a Doubly Linked List. 
// head_ref -. pointer to head node pointer. 
// del -. pointer to node to be deleted 
static Node deleteNode(Node head_ref, Node del) 
{ 
    // base case 
    if (head_ref == null || del == null) 
        return null; 
 
    // If node to be deleted is head node 
    if (head_ref == del) 
        head_ref = del.next; 
 
    // Change next only if node to be 
    // deleted is NOT the last node 
    if (del.next != null) 
        del.next.prev = del.prev; 
 
    // Change prev only if node to be 
    // deleted is NOT the first node 
    if (del.prev != null) 
        del.prev.next = del.next; 
 
    return head_ref; 
} 
 
// function to delete all the nodes 
// from the doubly linked 
// list that are smaller than the 
// specified value K 
static Node deletesmallerNodes(Node head_ref, int K) 
{ 
    Node ptr = head_ref; 
    Node next; 
 
    while (ptr != null)
    { 
        next = ptr.next;
         
        // if true, delete node 'ptr' 
        if (ptr.data < K) 
            deleteNode(head_ref, ptr); 
        ptr = next; 
    } 
    return head_ref;
} 
 
// function to print nodes in a 
// given doubly linked list 
static void printList(Node head) 
{ 
    while (head != null) 
    { 
        System.out.print( head.data + " "); 
        head = head.next; 
    } 
} 
 
// Driver code 
public static void main(String args[])
{ 
    // start with the empty list 
    Node head = null; 
 
    // create the doubly linked list 
    // 15 <. 16 <. 10 <. 9 <. 6 <. 7 <. 17 
    head=push(head, 17); 
    head=push(head, 7); 
    head=push(head, 6); 
    head=push(head, 9); 
    head=push(head, 10); 
    head=push(head, 16); 
    head=push(head, 15); 
 
    int K = 10; 
 
    System.out.print("Original List: "); 
    printList(head); 
 
    head=deletesmallerNodes(head, K); 
 
    System.out.print("\nModified List: "); 
    printList(head); 
} 
}
 
// This code is contributed by Arnab Kundu

Python3

# Python3 implementation to delete all
# the nodes from the doubly
# linked list that are smaller than
# the specified value K
import math
 
# Node of the doubly linked list
class Node: 
    def __init__(self, data): 
        self.data = data 
        self.next = None
 
# function to insert a node at the beginning
# of the Doubly Linked List
def push(head_ref, new_data):
     
    # allocate node
    new_node = Node(new_data)
 
    # put in the data
    new_node.data = new_data
 
    # since we are adding at the beginning,
    # prev is always None
    new_node.prev = None
 
    # link the old list of the new node
    new_node.next = head_ref
 
    # change prev of head node to new node
    if (head_ref != None):
        head_ref.prev = new_node
 
    # move the head to po to the new node
    head_ref = new_node
    return head_ref
 
# function to delete a node in a Doubly Linked List.
# head_ref --> pointer to head node pointer.
# del --> pointer to node to be deleted
def deleteNode(head_ref, delete):
     
    # base case
    if (head_ref == None or delete == None):
        return None
 
    # If node to be deleted is head node
    if (head_ref == delete):
        head_ref = delete.next
 
    # Change next only if node to be
    # deleted is NOT the last node
    if (delete.next != None):
        delete.next.prev = delete.prev
 
    # Change prev only if node to be
    # deleted is NOT the first node
    if (delete.prev != None):
        delete.prev.next = delete.next
 
    # Finally, free the memory occupied by del
    # free(delete)
    return head_ref
 
# function to delete all the nodes
# from the doubly linked
# list that are smaller than the
# specified value K
def deletesmallerNodes(head_ref, K):
    ptr = head_ref
    next = None
 
    while (ptr != None) :
        next = ptr.next
         
        # if true, delete node 'ptr'
        if (ptr.data < K):
            deleteNode(head_ref, ptr)
        ptr = next
     
# function to print nodes in a
# given doubly linked list
def printList(head):
    while (head != None):
        print(head.data, end = " ")
        head = head.next
 
# Driver Code
if __name__=='__main__': 
     
    # start with the empty list
    head = None
 
    # create the doubly linked list
    # 15 <. 16 <. 10 <. 9 <. 6 <. 7 <. 17
    head = push(head, 17)
    head = push(head, 7)
    head = push(head, 6)
    head = push(head, 9)
    head = push(head, 10)
    head = push(head, 16)
    head = push(head, 15)
 
    K = 10
 
    print("Original List: ", end = "")
    printList(head)
 
    deletesmallerNodes(head, K)
 
    print("\nModified List: ", end = "")
    printList(head)
 
# This code is contributed by AbhiThakur

C#

// C# implementation to delete all 
// the nodes from the doubly 
// linked list that are smaller than 
// the specified value K 
using System;
 
class GFG
{
     
// Node of the doubly linked list 
public class Node 
{ 
    public int data; 
    public Node prev, next; 
}; 
 
// function to insert a node at the beginning 
// of the Doubly Linked List 
static Node push(Node head_ref, int new_data) 
{ 
    // allocate node 
    Node new_node = new Node(); 
 
    // put in the data 
    new_node.data = new_data; 
 
    // since we are adding at the beginning, 
    // prev is always null 
    new_node.prev = null; 
 
    // link the old list of the new node 
    new_node.next = (head_ref); 
 
    // change prev of head node to new node 
    if ((head_ref) != null) 
        (head_ref).prev = new_node; 
 
    // move the head to point to the new node 
    (head_ref) = new_node;
     
    return head_ref;
} 
 
// function to delete a node in a Doubly Linked List. 
// head_ref -. pointer to head node pointer. 
// del -. pointer to node to be deleted 
static Node deleteNode(Node head_ref, Node del) 
{ 
    // base case 
    if (head_ref == null || del == null) 
        return null; 
 
    // If node to be deleted is head node 
    if (head_ref == del) 
        head_ref = del.next; 
 
    // Change next only if node to be 
    // deleted is NOT the last node 
    if (del.next != null) 
        del.next.prev = del.prev; 
 
    // Change prev only if node to be 
    // deleted is NOT the first node 
    if (del.prev != null) 
        del.prev.next = del.next; 
 
    return head_ref; 
} 
 
// function to delete all the nodes 
// from the doubly linked 
// list that are smaller than the 
// specified value K 
static Node deletesmallerNodes(Node head_ref, int K) 
{ 
    Node ptr = head_ref; 
    Node next; 
 
    while (ptr != null)
    { 
        next = ptr.next;
         
        // if true, delete node 'ptr' 
        if (ptr.data < K) 
            deleteNode(head_ref, ptr); 
        ptr = next; 
    } 
    return head_ref;
} 
 
// function to print nodes in a 
// given doubly linked list 
static void printList(Node head) 
{ 
    while (head != null) 
    { 
        Console.Write( head.data + " "); 
        head = head.next; 
    } 
} 
 
// Driver code 
public static void Main(String []args)
{ 
    // start with the empty list 
    Node head = null; 
 
    // create the doubly linked list 
    // 15 <. 16 <. 10 <. 9 <. 6 <. 7 <. 17 
    head = push(head, 17); 
    head = push(head, 7); 
    head = push(head, 6); 
    head = push(head, 9); 
    head = push(head, 10); 
    head = push(head, 16); 
    head = push(head, 15); 
 
    int K = 10; 
 
    Console.Write("Original List: "); 
    printList(head); 
 
    head=deletesmallerNodes(head, K); 
 
    Console.Write("\nModified List: "); 
    printList(head); 
} 
}
 
// This code contributed by Rajput-Ji

Javascript

<script>
 
// JavaScript implementation to delete all 
// the nodes from the doubly 
// linked list that are smaller than 
// the specified value K     
// Node of the doubly linked list
class Node {
    constructor(val) {
        this.data = val;
        this.prev = null;
        this.next = null;
    }
}
    // function to insert a node at the beginning
    // of the Doubly Linked List
    function push(head_ref , new_data) {
        // allocate node
     var new_node = new Node();
 
        // put in the data
        new_node.data = new_data;
 
        // since we are adding at the beginning,
        // prev is always null
        new_node.prev = null;
 
        // link the old list of the new node
        new_node.next = (head_ref);
 
        // change prev of head node to new node
        if ((head_ref) != null)
            (head_ref).prev = new_node;
 
        // move the head to point to the new node
        (head_ref) = new_node;
 
        return head_ref;
    }
 
    // function to delete a node in a Doubly Linked List.
    // head_ref -. pointer to head node pointer.
    // del -. pointer to node to be deleted
    function deleteNode(head_ref,  del) {
        // base case
        if (head_ref == null || del == null)
            return null;
 
        // If node to be deleted is head node
        if (head_ref == del)
            head_ref = del.next;
 
        // Change next only if node to be
        // deleted is NOT the last node
        if (del.next != null)
            del.next.prev = del.prev;
 
        // Change prev only if node to be
        // deleted is NOT the first node
        if (del.prev != null)
            del.prev.next = del.next;
 
        return head_ref;
    }
 
    // function to delete all the nodes
    // from the doubly linked
    // list that are smaller than the
    // specified value K
    function deletesmallerNodes(head_ref , K) {
     var ptr = head_ref;
     var next;
 
        while (ptr != null) {
            next = ptr.next;
 
            // if true, delete node 'ptr'
            if (ptr.data < K)
                deleteNode(head_ref, ptr);
            ptr = next;
        }
        return head_ref;
    }
 
    // function to print nodes in a
    // given doubly linked list
    function printList(head) {
        while (head != null) {
            document.write(head.data + " ");
            head = head.next;
        }
    }
 
    // Driver code
     
        // start with the empty list
        var head = null;
 
        // create the doubly linked list
        // 15 <. 16 <. 10 <. 9 <. 6 <. 7 <. 17
        head = push(head, 17);
        head = push(head, 7);
        head = push(head, 6);
        head = push(head, 9);
        head = push(head, 10);
        head = push(head, 16);
        head = push(head, 15);
 
        var K = 10;
 
        document.write("Original List: ");
        printList(head);
 
        head = deletesmallerNodes(head, K);
 
        document.write("<br/>Modified List: ");
        printList(head);
 
// This code contributed by umadevi9616
 
</script>

Output

Original List: 15 16 10 9 6 7 17 
Modified List: 15 16 10 17

Complexity Analysis:

Time Complexity: O(N), where N is the total number of Nodes.
Space Complexity: O(1) because using constant variables

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